Floating point representations are required in many applications due to their universality and ability to represent huge numbers accurately and in compact bit-width. Floating point arithmetic is complex, performance inefficient, and area-consuming compared to integer arithmetic operations. In this paper, hardware realization of area-efficient high-performance floating point arithmetic units for IEEE 754 floating point single precision and double precision formats on FPGA are proposed. The proposed units achieved the same accuracy as software in all tested cases and were able to produce the

Liver Disease (LD) is a lethal yet relatively common disorder that is impacting the lives of millions across the world, causing slow yet irreversible internal organ damage or total organ failure if left untreated. In this study, LD is determined as the damage a Liver sustained due to excessive drug or alcohol abuse and other causes which leave severe scarring on the Liver leading to permanent functionality loss or cancer. This study revolves around determining if a person suffers from the disease regardless of the stage of the disease. To detect and minimize the impact of LD, tree-based

This paper aims to deliver an exhaustive investigation on the threshold energy parameter's direct impact on the Cluster Head (CH) selection phase in Low-Energy Adaptive Clustering Hierarchy Based on K-Means (LEACH-K) protocols. The most prominent threshold energy selection criterion out of the scarcely available research on the LEACH-K threshold energy parameter is used to simulate the LEACH-K protocol. Simulations are carried out on scaled-up Wireless Sensor Networks (WSNs) in terms of size and number of nodes. An analysis is performed on the life-cycle of the CH selection process, which

The joint application of wireless backhaul networks and non-orthogonal multiple access (NOMA) hold the potential to fulfill the increasing demands of fifth-generation (5G) communication networks and beyond. It is usual in wireless backhaul networks to take assistance from small cell base stations acting as intermediate relays to reach the remote destination. This cooperative communication is an acknowledged technique to combat multi-path fading, improve energy efficiency, and enhance the reliability and capacity of wireless networks. This article studies the application of relay selection (RS)

Deep learning has become increasingly important in various fields, such as robotics, image processing, and speech recognition. However, the high computational requirements of deep learning models make it challenging to deploy them on edge & embedded devices with constrained power and area budgets. This paper proposes a novel low-power technique for implementing deep learning models on edge devices called LP-MAC (Low Power Multiply Accumulate). LP-MAC is designed for fixed-point format operations and takes advantage of reusing the input vector for MAC operations. It provides a new hardware

Power management and energy conservation are crucial for medical wearable devices that rely on energy harvesting. These devices operate under strict power budgets and require prolonged and stable operation. To achieve this, Energy-aware task scheduling is proposed as a solution to minimize energy consumption while ensuring the continued operational capabilities of the device. our paper presents a task scheduling method using the Flower Pollination Algorithm (FPA). The proposed task scheduling focuses on managing the activity of key components such as the heart rate sensor, temperature sensor

The popularity of wearable devices has grown as they improve the quality of life in many applications. In particular, for medical devices, energy harvesters are the dominating source of energy for wearable devices. However, their power budget is limited. Thus, power-saving techniques are essential components in the whole technology stack of those devices. That is, choosing the optimal schedule for different tasks running on the wearable device can help to reduce energy consumption. This paper presents a sensor task scheduling technique for optimizing energy consumption for energy harvesting

There is an increasing interest in energy harvesting for wearable biomedical devices. This requires power conservation and management to ensure long-term and steady operation. Hence, task scheduling algorithms will be used throughout this work to provide a reliable solution to minimize energy consumption while considering the system operation constraints. This study proposes a novel power-aware task scheduler to manage system operations. For example, we used the scheduler to handle system operations, including heart rate and temperature sensors. Two optimization techniques have been used to

Diabetes is a chronic condition that is characterized by high blood glucose levels and can cause damage to multiple organs over time. Continuous monitoring of glucose levels is essential for both diabetic and non-diabetic individuals. There have been major developments in glucose monitoring technology over the past decade, which have been driven by research and industry efforts. Despite these significant advancements, the area of glucose biosensors still faces significant challenges. This paper presents a comprehensive summary of the latest glucose monitoring technologies, including invasive

The Internet of Things (IoT) is a global network of interconnected computing, sensing, and networking devices that can exchange data and information via various network protocols. It can connect numerous smart devices thanks to recent advances in wired, wireless, and hybrid technologies. Lightweight IoT protocols can compensate for IoT devices with restricted hardware characteristics in terms of storage, Central Processing Unit (CPU), energy, etc. Hence, it is critical to identify the optimal communication protocol for system architects. This necessitates an evaluation of next-generation